Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2026
Pages:
68-75
Received:
1 January 2026
Accepted:
15 January 2026
Published:
30 March 2026
Abstract: The study was conducted during the year 2020–21 in Veerampura village of Bharatpur district, Rajasthan, with the objective of assessing the socio-economic status of fennel growers and estimating the costs and returns associated with fennel cultivation across different farm sizes. The area falls under the flood-prone Eastern Plain Zone (3B) of Rajasthan, known for its agro-climatic diversity. A total of 46 fennel growers were selected using purposive non-random sampling, classified into marginal, small, medium, and large farm categories. The study was based on primary data and included variables such as landholding size, family composition, literacy levels, and fixed asset distribution. The study found that the average farm size was 2.14 hectares, with landholdings ranging from 0.67 ha in marginal to 4.41 ha in large farms. The average family size was 5.43 members, and male members formed the majority of the agricultural labor force. Literacy levels were relatively high, with only 17.68% of the farm population being illiterate; marginal farms had the highest literacy rate. Fixed asset values per farm averaged ₹2,17,731.12, increasing with farm size. However, the per hectare value of fixed assets was highest among marginal farms (₹2,35,563), reflecting a more intensive use of resources. Livestock contributed the highest share to fixed assets, followed by machinery and buildings. The analysis concluded that farm size significantly influences socio-economic outcomes. Marginal and small farmers, despite having limited land, exhibited greater mechanization and literacy levels, whereas larger farms benefited from economies of scale but faced higher dependency ratios. These insights are critical for designing effective policies focused on improving resource utilization, income generation, and educational outreach in fennel-growing regions. The ANOVA results found significant differences between the farm-size groups for all the major variables. The findings highlight the need for targeted support to marginal and smallholder farmers to enhance productivity and income.
Abstract: The study was conducted during the year 2020–21 in Veerampura village of Bharatpur district, Rajasthan, with the objective of assessing the socio-economic status of fennel growers and estimating the costs and returns associated with fennel cultivation across different farm sizes. The area falls under the flood-prone Eastern Plain Zone (3B) of Rajas...
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